http://hdl.handle.net/10195/38081 2013-06-19T06:22:08Z http://hdl.handle.net/10195/37815 Title: The choice of the appropriate structure of the control system with respect to the required availability and safety Authors: Ždánsky, Juraj; Hrbček, Jozef Abstract: Nowadays, the programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are often in the role of control systems. They are used primarily for control of technological processes, but the exception is neither the utilization in transport. As an example can be mentioned systems of rail safety technique: system MODEST from the company 1Signální, ELEKSA system from Siemens, the system SPA 4 from Bombardier Corporate. The PLC producers continually improve their properties. The aim of the producers is to extend their application possibilities. Therefore there can be found in the offers of PLC producers PLC with attribute fail-safe, eventually fault-tolerant. PLCs are modular systems, so their availability and safety depends on the chosen structure of control system. The choice of structure is appropriate to base on the modeling of monitored properties. Another reason to create a suitable model, eventually models, is that the certificate of producer about reached level of safety PLC says nothing about the application of PLC. The correct model must also take into account the application individualities (e.g. the way of sensors connecting, actuators, etc.). The article compares the availability and safety of various structures of control systems based on PLC on the ground of created models. 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10195/37814 Title: The application of fuzzy logic to a simulation of railway station Authors: Záhorová, Věra Abstract: This article is a contribution to investigation concerning development of a simulation model of a passenger railway-station. Concretely to a part of this research, which is related to a problem, how to simulate a choice of a platform line to a delayed train. Potentiality of different methods of a computational intelligence to this task handling was reviewed. Although another method – an evaluation of options – was used for construction of simulation model [3], an applicable result was obtained also using fuzzy controller. An idea of fuzzy inference and of fuzzy system structure is described in this paper at some length. Following part is especially focused on a way how to create a fuzzy rules base. Last part of paper shows some results obtained in the process of creation of a Mamdani fuzzy logic controller and in the course of verification of its ability to choose a line to a delayed train correctly. 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10195/37813 Title: Measuring and valuing travel time reliability – an example for hard shoulder operation Authors: Vuren, Tom Abstract: Most transport infrastructure investments aim to reduce average travel times and their appraisal depends to a large extent on travel time savings and their value. There is an increasing recognition that in addition to average travel times, their reliability affects travelers’ choices and their valuation. However, the representation of travel time variability in network models, and hence our ability to forecast future impacts on reliability, has been limited. New data sources have enabled us to establish relationships between readily measurable characteristics and travel time variability. This now allows us to incorporate reliability in project appraisal, using standard economic cost-benefit techniques. The paper illustrates the method with an example of hard shoulder operations on Motorways around Birmingham in England. 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10195/37812 Title: Municipal waste components and their collection by computer support Authors: Volek, Josef Abstract: Growing volumes of different waste types produced by industrial companies represent a serious threat for the environment. Unthoughtful waste liquidation by means of dumping results to massive valuable resources wasting on one hand and in environment pollution by greenhouse gases emissions into the air, endangering underground water by extract liquid seepage and soil contamination by heavy metals on the other. The only possible method of a sustainable development is a consistent separation of reusable materials contained in waste and their consequent recycling, separation of combustible waste by means of environment-friendly technologies, by separation of bio-degradable materials suitable for composting with a consequent return into natural nutriment cycle, and last but not least, by separation of hazardous waste components and their ecological /liquidation/use. The article focuses on the options of operational research methods in combustible waste management, handling separated bio-degradable municipal waste components and hazardous waste management in the Pardubice Region. This research is funded by the Research Project Theory of Transportation Systems MSM 0021627505. 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z